Comparative Characterization of Grain Protein Content and Composition by Chromatography-Based Separation Methods (SE-HPLC and RP-HPLC) of Ten Wheat Varieties Grown in Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Algeria

To characterize and compare the protein quality of ten durum wheat genotypes grown under three cropping modalities in Algeria (subhumid Algiers, subhumid-semiarid Constantine, semiarid Sétif), profile their kernels was performed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (SE-HPLC RP-HPLC). The “variety” factor has a major impact, mainly on insoluble fraction (Fi), gliadin/glutenin ratio, large small glutenin aggregates (F1 F2, respectively), ω-gliadins high molecular weight albumins (F3). Conversely, total content albumin-globulin (F5) depend environment. α- β- γ-gliadins (F4) are equally dependent variety agroecological conditions Constantine (SH-SA) favored an important accumulation proteins (14.1%), particularly increased synthesis omega gliadins high-molecular-weight subunits (HMW-GS), compared to those Algiers (SH) Sétif (SA). For these latter environments, metabolic-type predominant, reflected higher F5 (p < 0.05) (albumin globulin), significantly more alpha-beta gamma gliadins. use chromatographic analyses remains reliable tool for breeding promotion programs can provide better understanding ecophysiology cereal crops.